Cattle genome has been largely shaped by artificial selection to increase meat yield and quality, , ], and beneficial mutations may arise by positive selection and then increase in frequency in the population, which finally leaves detectable positive signatures on the genome. Carcass merits are widely considered as economically important trait affecting beef production in the beef cattle industry. Our study supported polygenic genetic architecture of carcass traits and provided novel insights into the genetic basis of complex traits in beef cattle.Ĭattle is one of the most important farm animals, providing a great proportion of meat products for humans' dietary needs. Several highly conserved missense variants were identified in OR5M13D, NCAPG, and TEX2. By integrating selection signatures with single and multi-traits associations, we identified 12 and 27 putative genes, respectively. Notably, we identified 66 and 110 potential variants significantly associated with carcass traits using single-trait and multi-traits analyses, respectively. We identified 11,600 selected regions overlapping with 2214 candidate genes, and most of those were enriched in binding and gene regulation. Here, we applied multiple methods, including the Composite of Likelihood Ratio (CLR) and Genome-wide Association Study (GWAS), to explore the selection signatures and candidate variants affecting carcass traits. However, the genetic basis of carcass traits remains to be well understood. Carcass merits are widely considered as economically important traits affecting beef production in the beef cattle industry.
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